Mind-Brain Identity Theory
Mind-brain identity theory is the theory that mental states are identical with brain states. The main challenge for materialism is that of finding physical states that can plausibly be taken to be identical with mental states. Many modern materialists answer to this challenge by pointing to the brain.
According to mind-brain identity theory, for every mental state there is a brain-state with which it is identical. For example, every pain event is identical with the C-fibres firing.
The main support for mind-brain identity theory is the phenomenon of localisation. Mental events appear to be associated with specific parts of the brain. Mental activity appears to be localised in identifiable areas of the brain. This is shown by the fact that inhibiting brain activity inhibits mental activity. Those who suffer localised brain damage also such localised damage to the mind. The most natural explanation of this localisation is that the mind is the brain.
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